From Monoculture to Multi-Benefit: The Multifunctional Landscape Approach, Kampong Thom province, Cambodia

Abstract

This study assessed the economic performance, productivity, and technical feasibility of an integrated rice-prawn-vegetable farming system in rainfed lowland rice areas of Santuk District, Kampong Thom Province. Using field data from two smallholder farmers, the system was compared against traditional rice monoculture to evaluate its potential to improve income, maintain rice yields, and optimize resource use. The research found that despite higher labor and management demands, the integrated system demonstrated strong technical and economic viability. With targeted support and improved practices, it offers significant potential to enhance smallholder incomes, diversify livelihoods, and promote sustainable resource use in Cambodia’s rainfed lowlands.