Five key takeaways on the irrational use of antimicrobials in livestock and aquaculture systems in low- and middle-income countries

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing concern, and is exacerbated by the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials in humans and agriculture. Strengthening regulatory frameworks and promoting responsible antimicrobial use (AMU) are essential to addressing this issue. In many low- and middle income countries (LMICs), antimicrobials are often more affordable than diagnostic services or veterinary care, hence farmers rely on them as quick solutions to production and health issues. Farmers may also be unaware that the products they use contain antibiotics, sometimes up to four different types, and may not fully understand the long-term risks associated with antimicrobial overuse. The CGIAR One Health initiative is at the forefront of tackling these challenges through research and advocacy, and by providing evidence-based information for targeted interventions and policies. Irrational antimicrobial use in livestock and aquatic systems is a critical driver of AMR, and farmers often bypass disease diagnosis, resorting to over the-counter antibiotics, which further exacerbates overuse or misuse. Expanding access to animal health services, affordable diagnostics, improving biosecurity measures, and integrating gender-responsive approaches are critical for reducing reliance on antimicrobials and ensuring sustainable livestock and aquaculture systems. This brief highlights five key insights from the CGIAR One Health initiative working on addressing the irrational use of antimicrobials in livestock production and aquaculture.