European Commission | TRUE-FISH R3.3: Improved protection of biodiversity, in relation to conservation of native species of tilapias in the EAC region. Annual narrative report: September 2021 to June 2022

Abstract

Tilapia aquaculture systems in EAC region are based on a handful of species, notably Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia). However, there are other wild tilapia species and strains that could be potential candidate species for fish farming. Additional tilapia species may contain genes contributing to accelerated growth, disease resistance, and tolerance to adverse environmental factors or otherwise. Currently, there is limited knowledge of the status of wild tilapia strains, the level of distribution, and stocking of exotic strains and their potential impact on biodiversity. Uncontrolled movement and introduction of genetic materials between populations of these groups of species could result in biodiversity loss. Conversely, aquaculture operations can potentially benefit from selective breeding campaigns where this does not have potential negative impacts on economic and environmental sustainability. WorldFish activities complement the key aim of Result Area 3.3 of the TRUE-FISH project, namely, to address key risks to the long term development and sustainability of the aquaculture sector, by minimising the risk of accidental or intentional introduction of genetic materials which can threaten native species.